Machine tool



- Septy 25, 1945.v E. P. BULLARDJ, 3D-., ETL 2,385,605

MACHINE lfool,

'Filed Nov', 4, 1939 s sheets-sheet 1 INVENTORS i Spt. 25, 1945. E. P. BULLARQD.- ET AL iQ-385,505

MACHINE lTool,

116. y ATT NEYQ.

Sept. 25, 1945. E. P. BULLRD, .:sD.,rl-:TA1 A 2,385,605)l "MACHINE TOOL Filed Nov. 4, 1939 3 SheetS-Sheet 3 Patented Sept. 25, 1945 UNITED STAT Es PATENT OFFICE.g

MACHINE TOOL Edward P. Bullard, III, Fairfield, and GustafR.

v vAppelberg and Ernest H. Johnson, Bridgeport, Conn., lassignors to The Bullard Company, a corporation of Connecticut Application November 4, 1939, Serial No. 302,834

(Cl. ,2a-3s) 18'Claims.

plicable to any machine tool in which the start-J ing and stopping of the tool and work movements are desired to be controlled, they will be described in connection with a multiple spindle lathe of the type discmsed in Patents, 1,360,175; 1.3822340; 1,455,282; and 1,845,478 granted to E. P. Bullard.

Metal working operations, especially thos'e performed on' lathes, remove metal spirally from the work. Simultaneous stopping of the rotating work and the rectilinearly moving tool leaves the tool point buried in the work toa depth depending upon the feed of the cutting tool. Subsequent starting of the lathe causes excessive forces for the transmission of the lathe to overcome; breaking of tool points; chattering of thel tool with attendant markingof the work; as well as other harmful results incident .to 'cutting worl: that isrotating at speeds lower than proper cutting speed. A An object of this invention is vto provide apparatus adapted to be' incorporated within a .machine toolv for sequentially controlling the starting and stopping of the respective drives for the work and the tool. Other objects include, the provision of a lathe comprising apparatus for stopping the tool feed ing drive prior to. stopping the work rotating drive; thev provision of a lathe ,comprising appa# ratus for starting the work-rotating drive prior to starting the tool feeding drive; the provision of a lathe comprising'unitar'y apparatus for stopping the work-rotating drive prior to stopping the tool feeding drive and. for starting the former prio! machine taken substantially along the line 2-2 t of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a fragmentary portion of the apparatus disclosed in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is an elevational view of the apparatus vshown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a section taken substantially along the line 5--5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a view similar to that shown in Fig. 3, with the control elements in different positions;

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic section of a feature of the invention; and

Fig. 8 is a view similar to that of Fig. 7 with the Y rier C surrounding a central column K. The carrier C is adapted to be indexed in a step by step motion about the column K by an indexing mechl anism I, thereby successively to bring the work pieces on the tables into operating positionsbeneath a plurality of tool slides T driven by cam.

drums D located about the central column K. Each cam drum D is operated from a feed works I F located in the upper part of lthe machine.

There are live working stations, and one loading and unloading station. The ilve feed-works F are mounted within a housing supportedon the upper portion of thecolumn K. This housing additionally supports manually controlled, iluidoperated mechanism M adapted to startthe rotation of the spindles S prior to starting the drive for the cam drums D, and for stopping the drive for the column K. The column K is characterto starting the latter; and the provision of a lathe comprising duid-operated means for controlling the starting and stopping of the tool feeding drive in'predetermined order relative' to, as well as in response to the manual starting and stopping of the work-rotating drive.

'I'he above,;other objects and novel features of the invention will become apparent from the'fol'- lowing specification and the accompanying drawings, in which: Y

1` is a sectional elevational view of a ized b a low a substantially hollow member I I having portion providing abearing for the rotat- 4ablecarrier C; an elongated hexagonal central ing for the indexing mechanism I; and a top on which a base plate I5. is mounted for supporting the feed works F.

The carrier C comprises. a substantially an-l nular-shaped frame I2 in which a number ofspindles I 6y are journaled. In the'machine illusmultiple spindle lathe embodying the principles of the invention;

Fig Zisaplan v iewoftheupp'er portion ofthe 4 trated, there are six spindles I6 each provided with a work table or chuck vIl on its upper end and a. gear I8 on its lower portion by means of whichthe tables are driven when thecarrier is stationed beneath the tool slide I3. vThe spindles I6 are operated by sliding gears I8v mounted on vertically disposed shafts connected with, and Y driven by separate feed-works units F for each 'of said spindles. The ive feed-Works units F are also employed to impart movement tothe' tool slides I3 to feed tools 22, carried in tool holders 23, in a manner to operate upon work carried by the tables I1.

A standard 24 mounted on plate I5 is adapted to support a top plate 25 upon which may be sef cured; power means, in theform of a motor 28,

I the column K by the indexing mechanism I driven -by the motor 28., A shaft 28 extends downwardly IISv center of column K. The gear 51 meshes' with a gear 58 for each of the feed-works units F. Since allof the units F ar e`iden`tical, only one hasbeen shown.

As previously statedthe vevunitsl F are arranged in' a circle about the gear 51 and each irl-' cludesa gear 58 inl meshing engagement there-v with. -The gear 58 is fixed to the lower end of a vertically-disposed shaft 38 by a nut 59. The vertical shaft 80 is-provided with a spiral gear 6I that meshes with a similar spiral gear` 82, secured to a sleeve of a clutch member 83. Upon the upperend of the lvertical shaft 88 is mounted a change gear 85 adapted to. drive a second change gear 88 mounted upon the upper end of vertical shaft 28. Near the v'upper end of the shaft,28 is' also mounted a worm 81 'that meshes with and from themotor 26 through the top plate 25 and through a main driving clutch 29 that is adapted to be manuallyand automatically operated to connect and disconnect the shaft 28 to the drive for the feed-works F. The lower end of the drive' shaft 28 is provided with a pinion 30 which drives,

through idler gears 3|, a pinion 32 secured to av shaft 33. A pinion 34, secured to the lower end of the shaft 33, drives a gear 35 upon'a stub shaft `38 which is journaled in a bearing inside the column K. Upon the upper end of the shaft is mounted a pinion 31 that meshes with a .gear 38 ,loosely journaled upon a central indexing shaft 39. The upper portion of gearv 38 includesa clutch face 48 including slots 4I. A controller 42 is likewise journaled on the shaft 39 and is re-r siliently connected to an arm'43 keyed to shaft 39. The arm 43 supports a pin 4,4.that is adapted selectively to connect. the gear 88 to shaft 38 upon cooperative action between the controller 42 and the tool slides I3, allfas more fully de- `scribed. in- Patents 1,360,175 and 2,259,948.

Upon connecting shaft 39 to gear 38, the indexing mechanism I'is adapted to be actuated. 'I'his indexing mechanism comprises an oscillateble index arm 45 journaled on a pin 48 at theA outer end of a crank arm 41. The inner end of crank arm 41 is keyed to a shaft 48 that is driven by shaft 39 through gears'49' and 58. The one end of arm 45 is provided with a groove 5I adapted to engage the lower reduced portion- 52 of the spindles I8. The opposite end of arm 45 is provided with a cross-head connection with a pivthe feed-works F and the vertically-disposed v shafts 28.A Furthermore, the feed-works units F are adapted to operate the slides I3 at feeding speeds directly related tothe speeds at which spindles I8 vare rotated as well as to operate said slides I3 at relatively rapid traverse speeds.

' The shaft 28,' extending through the clutch 29. suppOrts a sleeve 55 that is adapteditobe con- -nected'to and.l disconnected `from the shaft 28r by operating clutch 29. A spur gear 581s keyed. utc sleeve 55 and meshes with a gear 51 freely icurnaled bathe indexing drive shaft 39 at the drives a worm gear 88 mounted upon a horizonf tal shaft 89 and having splined thereon a sliding clutch member 18 for a purpose to be described later. A clutch member .1I, adapted to cooperate with clutch-10, is provided with an extension adapted yto receive various change gears 12 posiy tioned to mesh withl corresponding change gears 13 on an extension of a' clutchv member 18. A shaft 15,l journaled in the clutch member 83.at one end and journaled in the clutch member 14 at the other end, is provided with sliding clutch sleeves 18 and 11 positioned to engage the clutch members `14 and 83 respectively. The shaft 15 is splined to slidably receive the sleeves 18 and 11 and carries a worm 18 engaging a worm gear 18 secured to the cam drum lD. 'I'he cam drum D comprises a substantially cylindrical member 88 secured to a vertical shaft 8l. The drum 88 is providedwith a groove that engages a roll 82 secured to a vertical shaft 83-that passes through' the feed works base I5 and is attached to the toolslide III on'the outside of column K.

'Iheclutch sleeve 18 is provided with a groove to receive the forked end of a plunger lever 85 pivoted at 86. The plunger lever 85 isy joined by arod 81 to a forked lever 88 pivoted in like manner and .engaging a groove in the sleeve 11.

urged plunger terminating in an arrow-head 8i,

which tends, by engagement with a pin 92 on a rod 92', to rock. the plunger lever 85 to the ex'- ,Y treme position in one direction or the other.

f To. provide for manually neutralizingv the clutch sleeves 16 and 11 a handle 93 is suspended from the outer end of a lever 84 hinged on a stud 85 which is attached to the feed-works base l5.- The inner end of the lever 94, being forked, engages an annular groove 98 in the lower end of a shaft 91 extendingvertically through a clear ance hole in the feed works base i5. The upper end of the shaft 91 engages one end oi a neutralizing yoke 88 fulcrumed at 89. The yoke is provided with an irregular opening to receive a pin IIlI secured to the plungerlever 85. The

arrangements beingsuch, that when the pin it! upper'and larger part of the opening, the plunger' 85is free to move and allow" theengagcment of the clutch sleeves 18 and11 with their respec -tive clutch members 14 and 63. From the fore going it 'willbe noted that the clutch member 83 is driven at a constant speed. through the spiral gears di and 62, while the clutch le is dg* en at a' changeable speed through the change gears 85, 68. 12 and 13. Therefore, by the en`- gagement of the clutch sleeve 16 with the clutch member 14 or the clutch sleeve 11 with the clutch member 83 the shaft 15. worm 10. worm gear 19 and drum D may lbe driven at different speeds;-

Manual shifting of the -shaft 92 may be effected y by turning a handle that is connected to the shaft92' by a crank arm.

Automatic shifting of the clutches and 11 to eect movementof the slide I3 during a working operation and to neutralize said clutches at the top of the stroke of slide I3 is controlled by a disc (not shown)` having adjustable dogs that are adapted to shift the rod '92 in a Inan-l ner substantiallythe same as the disc |93 shifts the rod |81 in Patent 1,360,175.

An additional automatic control is provided for the clutches 18, 11 and the main clutch 29 dur- T ingindexing of the carrier C. As the tool slide j to the sleeve-55. The spool I2I is also connected to the clutch 29 through a toggle joint |22. Slight oscillatable movement of ring II5 will engage and disengage shaft 28 from sleeve l55 through clutch 29.

I3 ascends to its upperposition after performing a working operation, a cam element |02lv on the link 83 is adapted to engage a rod' |03 th'at is connected toone end of a crank, the opposite Aend of which is fixed to an oscillatable shaft |04.

A 111g I is fixed to shaft Inland is adapted to cooperate with one of a plurality of similar lugs I 06 on the controller 42 to releasably hold said controller against rotation.- Each slide T is provided with a separate such means and the respective lugs |05J are adapted to be moved to a position releasing controller 42 as the respective heads reach'their upper limiting positions. Release of` the controller 42 causes the plunger 44 to effect a connection between shaft 39 and gear 38 whereupon the index shaft 39 is rotated through a single revolution. During the single revolution of the shaft 39, the clutch 29 is adapt- .ed to be disconnected from the sleeve 55 to effect stopping of the spindles I8; the gear I9 is lifted out of mesh with the gear I8 by a cam (not shown); the crank indexes carrier C to the next succeeding station; the gear I9 is dropped` into mesh -with gear I8; the clutch129 is engaged to sleeve to re-start the drive for the spindles I6; and finally, the clutch 11 is engaged to'restart the downward movement vof the slide I3.- All ofthe above listed functions are adapted to During the setting up of a job on the lathe, frequent manual stopping and starting of the drives for rotating the spindlesV` I6 and for operatingthe slides I3 is necessary so that the operator may inspect the manner in which the cutting is proceeding. Additionally, should the lathe.

inadvertently stop, due to power failure, while a cutting operation is proceeding, manual re-starting is required. Under these circumstances, the

tool is buried in the work due t0 the fact thatI metal is spirally removed, and upon re-starting,

the previously described dimculties such as tool A chatter, tool breakage, work marking and undue straining of the lathe transmission are encounf."

` tered.` 'I'his invention provides means M be` be effected sequentially in the order named dur-4 'I ing the single revolution of shaft 39. According-ly, an additional controller |01 is keyed to the top of shaft 39. This controller is provided with cams' |08, |09 adapted to disengage and.v engage clutch 29 with the sleeve 05 through' the ltoggle joint I I9. The controller |01 alsg includes a cam I|| adapted to cooperate with a link ||2. The-link I l2 is nxed to a vertically-disposed shaft I I3 that 4is connected to the rod 92" by a crank I|4.

Referring to Fig'. 1, the controller |01 moves in a clockwise direction so that canr- |03 initially -disengages clutch 29 from sleeve 03. vDuring substantially `the rst half of the revolution of controller |01 the indexingmechanism-1 lifts the tween the manually-operable ring ,IIB and the the feed-works'F to insure stoppin! the drive' for the slides I3 prior to stoppingthe drive for the spindles '|8, and for manually starting the latter prior to starting the former.

Referring v to Figs. 1 and 2, each of' the feedworks Fis provided with a cylinder |23 in-which a lfluid-operated piston |24 is adapted to reciprocate. The piston |24 is provided with a piston rod |20 that; is connected toan arm |28 which in turn engages clutch element 10.' Fluid j under pressure is alternately 'applied to opposite sides of the piston |24 through inlets |21,

l|28 that are connected to branch conduits |29.

|30 leading from main conduits I3I., |32 common to all the feed-works .F. The main conduits I3|, |32 are alternately supplied uid I under pressure through a valve |33.

Referring to Figs. 3, .7 and 8,the -valve |33.i s mounted on the tcpV of the basel-plate 9 and inl cludes a piston |34 having two 'spaced annular grooves |35 and |38. The valve I33,Is likewise provided with a uid inlet |31 and al1-exhaust f las in which a. feuer 4wave m is provided for maintaining a predetermined pressure within the valve |33 and for insuring that the system is completely filled with fluid. In the position of piston |34 as shown in Fig. 7, the conduit I3| vis supplied with uid under pressure from the inlet |31 and 'the fluid in conduit |32 .is ex-v hausted through the line |39. In Fig. 8,' the piston |34 1S In DOSltlOh t0 admit uidunder pressure to the conduit |32 from the inlet |31,

and to exhaust the nula m; conduit m to une gear |9 out of mesh with gear f8, indexes the carrier. C, and drops gear I9 into mesh with gear I8. At this point in the revolution of controller |01, cam |09 effects engagement of clutch 29 with sleeve 5l to re-start the drive for `spindles I6. Bibsequently, cam III engages link I|2 to engage. clutch 11 with clutch 33 to beginfa new working cycle. v

clutch 29` is adapted to be manually con-i nected to, and from the s leeve I5 by oscillating a ring III that surrounds'. and is journaledonthe baseeplate Il. The ring' Ill sitges H0, lll in the piston |34.

'posite sides of piston |24 (Fig. '1).

|39 through radially and axially disposed pas- 'I'he piston |34` is adapted to be axially moved by the oscillation of ring )I l5 t6 selectively admit uid to op Accordingly, the plunger |34 is conected to a lever |42 attached to the upper end of. a shaft|43 extending vertically through the feed-worksbase II.

lThe lowerend of 'shaft VI43,,beneath|the base Il,

' has attached thereto a lever |44 (Figs. and 4) follower |43 is mounted on connected to' an operating rod |43.' A cam or rod .ujf

4- `and is positioned to traverse a cam groovey |41 vin a cam |46 secured to the vunder side of the control ring ||5. The rod |45 is guided for axial :movement in a suitable bracket |49 secured to the feed-works base 1|5. The cam groove |41 is provided with an o ifset portion to provide the necessary radial movement of rod |45 to actu-` `ate valve |33, and an varcuate portion for a purpose to be described later.

The connection between the arm H8 and the Qring ||5 cooperates with thearcuate and oiset portions of cam, groove |41 to eiect the sequen- 1 tial operation of the clutch 29 and thel valve |33 to start the spindles I6 rotating before starting the feeding of the slide I3, and to stop the latter prior to stopping the former.v In'order to ob- `tain this sequential operation of valve |33 and clutch 29 by oscillatingring ||5, a novel form `of lostmotion connection is provided vbetween the arm ||5 and ring H5, the effectiveness of which occurs at the beginning of movement of `ring |5 in one. direction and at the end'of jmove'ment o1' said ring in the opposite direction. 1 .,The' connection between ring ||5 and arm ||8 comprises a square portion |50 on the rodv IIJ `iixed toring ||5. The portion |50 is located 1within a 'U-shaped opening |5| formed in the outer end of lever ||8. The opening |5| is `larger than the portion |50 topermit adequate" i relative movement between the ring ||5 and thearm ||6 so that the oiset portion of cam groove |41 can actuate the valve |33 while maintaining the clutch 29 in iixed position..V

The arm ||9 is provided with'anaxial bore |52 adapted to receive aplunger |53 urged outwardly into opening|5|A by a compressionspring.

be inserted within the opening |5| when the The .outwardlmovement of plunger |53 is limited by the action of a pin |54 extending therethrough and through aligned elongated slots |56 in opposite sidesl of.the arm ||9. Theplunger 1 mis adapted to be retracted from the opening |5| when the valve |33 isto be actuated, and to -clutch y29 'is to be. actuated. Accordingly, the

pm |54 is provided with a' roller |55 adapted@ 45 cooperate* with a cam-|51 iixed to the under surner position thereby supplying iiuid under `pres- Referring ming. s, the piston |3| is at 'its 1nsure to the conduit |32 (Fig. 8) to enect engagement of Aclutch element." with element 1|; and

` the arm ||5 is in position to cause clutch 29 to be engaged'with sleeve 55.

Accordingly, Fig. 3

I discloses thel parts in position when a cutting wise movement of ring ||5 willbe independent.

v lot theV arm ||8 until the ,portion |50 engages 1 the opposite wall of ..opening` |5|. During thisy 1 initial movement, the cam groove |41 moves in.

operation is progressing. Initial counter-'clocka counter-clockwise direction a `corresponding sleeve ,-55 to stop thespindlesy I5. l movement the arcuate portion 'of cam groove |41 `maintains the vvalve |33 in position to insure separation of clutch elements 10 and 1|; Counteramount, whereupon roller |46fis moved from the position shownin Fig. 3 to the position marked with to eiectdisengagement of clutch 29,- from During this clockwise movement of arm withdraws roller |55 from engagement with cam |51 thereby permitting plunger |53 toenter opening. |5| and toA assumethe position shown in Fig. 6, locking por- `tion |50 to the arm ||6.

' When it is desired to re-start the lathe, theparts are in the positions disclosed in Fig. 6.

Initial clockwise movement of the ring ||5 will move arm ||5 a. like amount causing the-clutch 29 to be engaged with sleeve 55 thereby re-startiing the rotation of spindles |6. lDuring this initial clockwise movement of ring ||5, the^cam groove |41 moves a, corresponding amount toV position the roller |46 inthe position marked B L5 (Fig. 6); and the vroller |55 engages cam |51 to'retract plunger'- |53 from opening |5|. Further clockwise movement of ring-I l5 returns the parts to the positions shown in` Fig. 3 whereupon valve |33 is actuated to engage' clutch elements 10 and 1| to re-start the feeding of slide In order that the operator may more accurately position the control ring ||5 to eifect the sequential operation` of the main driving clutch 29 I and the feed clutch members 10 and 1|, a bracket |56 is secured to the feed works base |5 having Ttherein a spring-urged indexing point 59 (Fig. 4). An' arcuate plate |50 secured to the control ring ||5 .is provided with 3 notched recesses |6|,

3o |52"and |63 to receive the point |59 when the" control ring is in the desired positions.

'Referring to Fig. 5, a spring-pressed detent |64 is mounted in the center yof lever ||8 that cooperates with--recessesk|65 and |66 on the under surface of the base l5, to yieldably hold the lever ||0 stationary while the main clutch `29 is engaged vor disengaged.

Although' the various features ofthe improved machine tooly have been shown and described/in detail to fully disclose one embodiment `of the invention, it will be evident that, numerous e changes may be made in such details, and certain features may be usedwithout others, without departing from the principles of the invention.

We claim: f

1. A machine tool comprising'in combination means for supporting a work piece; means for supporting a tool adapted to be moved into engagement with the work on said work-supporting means;. a power drive for imparting separate motions to the work-supporting means and the tool supporting means; a controller for starting and stopping the motions of said means in accordance with a predetermined sequential order, said controller being rendered eiective by thev motion of one of said means; and a separate manually-f' controlled device for starting -and stopping said l means in accordance with a predetermined se- 7 uential order. oo q 2. A machine tool comprising' in combination,

means for supporting a work piece; means for supporting' a tool adapted to be moved into engagem'ent with the work on said work-supporting means; a power drive for 'imparting separate mo- '65 tions to both of said m'eansj'ga main clutch for starting and stoppingsaid power drive; an-aux iliary clutch between saidmain clutch vand the portion of said'power'drive thatimparts movement to one of said means; and a unitary manually-.controlled device for shifting said main and auxiliary clutches into andout ofeffecti've `positions in accordance with a. predetermined sequential order.

3. A machinetool comprising in combination,

. at the end of the motio assaecs means for supporting a work piece; means for supporting a tool adapted to be moved into engagement with the work on said work-supporting means; a power drive for imparting separate motions to both of said means; a main clutch for starting and stopping` said power drive; an auxa rotatable work-supporting table; a'tool support adapted to bev moved toward and away from said table; and unitary 'manually-operable means including a member adapted to be moved in one direction for starting the rotation of said table before starting the movement of said tool support and adapted to be moved in'another direction for stopping the movement of said tool support before stopping the rotation of said table.

5. A machine toolcomprising in combination, a work-supporting table; a tool support adapted to be moved toward andv away from said table; a transmission for moving the tool support and -iliary clutch between said main clutch and the the movement .ofsaid` member in both'directions. 10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8. in which vsaid arm is provided with a relatively large opening adapted to receive -a pin mounted on said member; a plunger-mounted within a bore in said arm and normally urged into the relatively large opening to lock saidpin and arm together; and a cam adapted to retract said plunger from said opening at predetermined points along the path of movement of said member.

11. A machine tool comprising in combinatipm a transmission; a clutch for transmitting powerv to said transmission; means for shifting said clutch including a pivotally-mounted arm; means for oscillating said arm comprisinga member adapted to be moved in two directions; and a connection between said arm and said member in-- cluding a lost motion connection that is effec;

for rotating said table in a deilnite relation; and

lrotate said table; a main clutch between said transmission and a power source; an auxiliary clutch betweensaid main clutch and one of the portions of said transmission; Yand manually-controlled means including Huid-operated means for shifting said clutches into and out of 'eil'ective positions. e

'7. A machine tool comprising in combination, a

lworlrfsupporting table; a tool support adapted to be moved toward and away from said table; a transmission including a portion adapted to move said tool support and a portion adapted-to rotate f saidv table; a main clutch between said transmission and apower source; an auxiliary clutch between said main clutch and the portion of said transmission that moves said tool support; and

manually-controlled means including iluid-operated means\for shifting said clutches into .and out ofefrective positions. i Y' 8. .Apparatus comprising in combination, a piv' otally mounted arm; means for oscillating said l arm comprising a member adaptedto be moved f intwo directions: and a connection between said amrand said member including a lost motion connection thatv is eilectiveat the beginning oi' motion of said member in one direction and n of said member in the other direction. y

9. Apparatus as claimed i n claim s. in Rwnien said arm is prvidedwith a relatively large open'- ing in'wliicli a pin fixed to said member is adapted tive at the beginning of motion of said member' in one direction and at the end of the motion oi said member `in the other direction.

12. Apparatus comprising in combination, a transmission.- inclu amain clutch and an auxiliary clutch; means' for shifting said clutches yin a predetermined sequential ordercomprisinga common member-'adapted to be moved-in two directions; connections between said clutches and said member, one of which is effective andthe other oi' which is ineii'w ctive to shift said clutches at the beginning of ovementof said common member in one of its directions of movement,'-and the former being ineiective and the latter being etlectiv'e to shift said clutches at the beginning of direction of movement.

13. In a machine tool comprising in combination, a transmission: a source of power for driving said transmission; a clutch. for connecting said transmission to. and for disconnecting said transmission from driven means within said machine tool; duid-operated meansfor shifting said clutch; and oscillatable means for actuating said fluid-operated means. f

14. In a. machine tool comprising in"combina tion a plurality of transmissions; a source of power for driving said transmissionmva clutch for connecting each of said transmissions to, and vfor disconnecting each oi' said transmissions from driving means within said machine tool; separate fluid-operated means for shifting said clutches; aj valve common to all of said fluidoperated means for controlling their operation; agld an4 oscillatable member for actuating said v ve.

is.A A machine moi comprising in combination,

a work-supporting table; a toolsupport; a transmission Ior rotating said table -and for moving said tool suppcrt towardand away' from said'v table: a clutch for connecting said transmission with, and`\for disconnecting said transmission from. driving means within said machine tool; avpiston connected to said clutch; duid-operated means for shifting said clutch, including a valve f for selectively admitting .-iluid under pressure to opposite sides of said piston: and an oscillatable member for actuating said valve.

16. A machine tool comprising in combination, a work-supporting table; a tool support; a transmission adapted t'o rotate said table, and to mve said tool supporttoward and away from'said table; a main clutch for 'connecting -said transmission to and `disconnecting said transmission -from a. source of power; ,an auxiliary clutchi'or connectingy said transmission to, andior disconvmeeting saidtransmission from said too] supymoveirient of .said common member in its. other s, 35

port; means for shifting said clutches in a prework support; driving means for moving said determined sequential order comprising common oscillatable means; connections between said common means and said clutches comprising means for preventing clutch-actuating move- 17. A machine tool as claimed in claim 1'6,\\i\n which Huid-operated means' isrprovided for actug ating one of said clutches: and a camis pro'- vided on said common means for actuating said fluid-operated means. l

18. In a machine tool, means adapted to su port a tool for movement toward and from said port work for movement; means adapted to sup- Y work and tool supports; means for starting and stopping the movements of said work and tool ment during portions of said oscillatable movel ment of said common means in each direction.

'tiom supports in accordance withv a determined orderl including an Aarm and leverrespectivelypand a member adapted to be moved in two'directions adapted to actuate said arm at .the 'beginning amdl said le'ver at the end of movement of said member inr one direction and to actuate said lever at the beginning and said arm at .fthe endl 

